Capillary Action
Walking Water Experiment
Easy
Materials
3 GlassesWater
Food ColourPaper Towel
Procedure â–¼
- 1Fill two glasses with coloured water and place an empty glass between them.
- 2Fold paper towels into strips and connect the glasses — one end in coloured water, the other in the empty glass.
- 3Wait and observe for a few minutes.
Observation â–¼
Water slowly moves into the empty glass — it appears to "walk" through the paper towel!
Science Behind It â–¼
Water travels through tiny spaces in the paper towel fibres due to capillary action. The fibres pull water upward and across, allowing it to move from one glass to another without pouring.
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Capillary action in liquids
How water moves through porous materials
Real-life examples such as water moving through plant stems
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Newton's Third Law
Balloon Rocket
Easy
Materials
BalloonStraw
StringTape
Procedure â–¼
- 1Pass a string through the straw and tie it tightly between two chairs.
- 2Inflate the balloon and hold its end without tying it.
- 3Tape the balloon to the straw along the string.
- 4Release the balloon and observe!
Observation â–¼
The balloon zooms forward along the string as air rushes out in the opposite direction!
Science Behind It â–¼
When air rushes out in one direction, it creates a reaction force pushing the balloon forward — Newton's Third Law: "For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction."
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Newton's Third Law of Motion
Action and reaction forces
How rockets and jet engines work
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Density & Gas Bubbles
Dancing Raisins
Easy
Materials
Transparent GlassSoda WaterRaisins
Procedure â–¼
- 1Fill the glass with soda water.
- 2Drop a few raisins into the glass.
- 3Observe the raisins carefully for a few minutes.
Observation â–¼
The raisins move up and down in the glass, appearing as if they are dancing!
Science Behind It â–¼
Soda water contains dissolved CO₂. Gas bubbles attach to the rough raisin surface and lift them up. When bubbles burst at the top, the raisins sink again — creating a repeating dance cycle.
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Density and buoyancy
Gas bubbles in liquids
How gases can change floating behaviour
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Invisible Ink
Invisible Ink
Easy
Materials
Lemon JuiceWater
Cotton SwabWhite PaperHeat Source
Procedure â–¼
- 1Mix lemon juice with a little water.
- 2Use a cotton swab to write a message on white paper.
- 3Let the paper dry completely — the writing becomes invisible.
- 4Hold the paper near a heat source (lamp or iron) and observe.
Observation â–¼
The hidden message slowly appears in brown colour as the paper is heated!
Science Behind It â–¼
Lemon juice is an organic compound that oxidises and turns brown when heated. The carbon compounds in the juice react with oxygen in the air, revealing the hidden message.
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Oxidation reactions
Organic compounds and heat
Historical use of invisible ink
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Acid–Base Reaction
Baking Soda Fire Extinguisher
Medium
Materials
Baking SodaVinegar
BottleCandleMatches
Procedure â–¼
- 1Add 2–3 teaspoons of baking soda into a bottle.
- 2Carefully pour vinegar into the bottle — it will bubble and fizz.
- 3Light a candle and place it safely on the table.
- 4Slowly tilt the bottle and pour the invisible gas toward the candle flame.
Observation â–¼
The candle flame goes out even though no liquid touches it!
Science Behind It â–¼
Baking soda (base) + vinegar (acid) produces CO₂ gas. CO₂ is denser than air and does not support combustion — it pushes away the oxygen needed for the flame, extinguishing it just like a real fire extinguisher.
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Acid–base chemical reactions
Gas formation in chemical reactions
How fire extinguishers work
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Density
Floating Egg
Easy
Materials
Glass of WaterSaltEgg
Procedure â–¼
- 1Place the egg in plain water — observe it sinks.
- 2Add salt to the water and stir well.
- 3Observe what happens to the egg.
Observation â–¼
The egg starts floating in the salt water — magic!
Science Behind It â–¼
Salt increases the density of water. When enough salt dissolves, the water becomes denser than the egg, providing greater buoyant force that allows the egg to float.
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Concept of density
Buoyancy in liquids
How changing water density affects floating objects
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Surface Tension
Pepper & Soap Trick
Easy
Materials
Plate of WaterPepperDish Soap
Procedure â–¼
- 1Fill a plate with water.
- 2Sprinkle pepper evenly on the water surface.
- 3Touch the water with a drop of dish soap.
Observation â–¼
The pepper quickly moves away from the spot where the soap touches the water!
Science Behind It â–¼
Water molecules create surface tension — a thin elastic layer. Soap reduces surface tension at the contact point, causing water (and pepper) to rush away from the soap toward areas of higher tension.
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Surface tension in liquids
How soap affects water molecules
Everyday applications — how soap helps in cleaning
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Hydrophobic & Hydrophilic
Magic Milk
Easy
Materials
MilkFood ColouringDish Soap
Procedure â–¼
- 1Pour some milk into a shallow plate or bowl.
- 2Add a few drops of different food colours into the milk.
- 3Touch the surface of the milk with a drop of dish soap.
Observation â–¼
The colours swirl and move rapidly, creating patterns like fireworks — beautiful and mesmerising!
Science Behind It â–¼
Milk contains fat molecules. Soap reacts with these fat molecules and breaks the surface tension, causing movement that makes colours swirl and mix in stunning patterns.
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Surface tension in liquids
Interaction between soap and fat molecules
How chemical reactions create visible changes
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Engineering Design
Paper Bridge Challenge
Medium
Materials
PaperBooksCoins
Procedure â–¼
- 1Place a flat sheet of paper between two books like a bridge and add coins — count how many it holds.
- 2Now fold the paper into different shapes (accordion, triangle, tube).
- 3Place the folded paper again between the books and add coins.
- 4Compare the results!
Observation â–¼
The folded paper bridge holds significantly more coins compared to the flat paper!
Science Behind It â–¼
Folding paper into shapes distributes weight evenly across the structure. Structural shapes like arches and corrugations increase strength — the same principle used in real bridges and buildings.
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Basic engineering design concepts
How structure affects strength
Real-life applications in bridges and buildings
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Static Electricity
Static Electricity Balloon
Easy
Materials
BalloonSmall Paper Pieces
Procedure â–¼
- 1Inflate the balloon.
- 2Rub the balloon on dry hair or wool for a few seconds.
- 3Bring the balloon close to small pieces of paper.
Observation â–¼
The paper pieces jump and stick to the balloon — attracted by an invisible force!
Science Behind It â–¼
Rubbing the balloon on dry hair transfers electrons, giving the balloon a static electric charge. This charged balloon attracts light objects like paper through electrostatic force.
Learning Outcomes â–¼
Static electricity and electric charges
Attraction between charged objects
Everyday examples — clothes sticking after drying
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